无灵主语，即用抽象概念、心理感受、事物名称或时间、地点等做主语，但谓语却常常用“画面感动词”表示主语的动作或行为，常带来鲜活灵动的表达效果。在读后续写中使用“无灵主语＋画面感动词”来表达情绪的产生无疑会使语言更加生动形象，有助于人物形象的塑造和故事情节的推动。
描写公式
1.情绪用词
表情感的名词喜·joy, delight, happiness, excitement, merriment忧·worry, anxiety, nervousness悲·grief, sadness, sorrow惊·surprise, astonishment, amazement, shock恐·fear, horror, terror, fright, panic怒·anger, annoyance, rage, fury疑·disbelief, doubt, puzzle, suspicion疚·guilt, shame, regret尬·embarrassment, awkwardness悯·sympathy, pity丧·frustration, depression暖·relief, warmth傲·pride望·hope, helplessness, hopelessness, disappointment, despair 恩·appreciation, gratitude 画面感动词（短语）溢出·well up难以忍受·overwhelm, overcome控制·take hold of, seize渐渐出现·creep over闪过·flash across, spread across, cross充满·fill闪烁·shine, twinkle, sparkle, glitter怦怦跳·pound/thump/race袭来·strike, flow over, sweep over, wash over, flood (over), come over 展开剩余91%
2.情绪产生公式
公式①某种神色从某人脸上掠过／眼中闪过…:A(n）look/expression/...of＋情感名词+flashed across/spread across/flickered in/... one's face/eyes/...
例1 怀疑An expression of doubt briefly crossed her face before she nodded.她脸上掠过怀疑的神情，然后她点了点头。
公式②某人感到（一阵）…:(A wave/surge of +）情感名词＋seized/overwhelmed/took hold of/washed over／flooded (over)/swept over/flowed over/came over+ sb.
例2 惊慌A wave of panic seized he r, but she forced herself to leave the room calmly.她感到一阵惊慌，但是她强迫自己镇静地离开了房间。
公式③某人渐渐产生（一丝）…A(slight) trace/hint of+情感名词+crept over sb.
例3 幸福As the sun broke through the clouds, a faint trace of happiness started to creep over her.当太阳冲破云层时，她开始产生一丝淡淡的幸福。
公式④某人眼里闪着······的光芒：（表示高兴、激动的）情感名词＋was shining/twinkling/sparkling in one's eyes.或One's eyes shined/twinkled/sparkled with+（表示高兴、激动的）情感名词
例4 喜悦Her eyes twinkled with joy when she saw the surprise gift.当她看到惊喜礼物时，她的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
公式⑤某人激动／紧张／害怕得心怦怦跳：One's heart pounded/thumped/raced with +情感名词（excitement／nervousness/fear/terror/horror等）.
例5 His heart was pounding with nervousness before he stepped onto the stage.在登上舞台之前，他紧张得心怦怦直跳。
公式⑥某人吓呆／惊呆／尴尬得呆住：情感名词（Fear／Terror/Panic/Surprise/Shock/Embarrassment 等）rooted sb.to the spot.
例6 害怕The terrifying scream left her rooted to the spot, too afraid to move.可怕的尖叫声使她僵在原地，吓得动弹不得。
公式⑦一看到／一想到…,某人就…:The sight／thought of sth. filled sb. with＋情感名词
例7 The thought of the moments shared with Grandpa filled me with great joy.一想到和爷爷度过的时光，我就感到十分快乐。
公式⑧产生某种情感：情感名词＋画面感动词（cloud，crawl/climb on/up to, prey on/upon, tear, desert, deprive...of,....)
例8 Astonishment deprived me of my power of speech.我惊讶得说不出话来。
公式⑨某人突然想到…:①An idea + occurred to／struck/hit sb. ②An idea flashed through one's mind/crossed one's mind. ③It occurred to sb. that.../It hit sb. that...④It gradually dawned on me that...或All of a sudden, I came to realize/understand that...（我逐渐／突然意识到…）
例9 Happiness crawled up to the tips of his brows.他喜上眉梢。
例10 An idea suddenly struck the twins that they could ask their dad for help.双胞胎突然想到一个主意：他们可以请爸爸帮忙。
3.情绪转变公式
在写作中，描述情绪的转变是展现人物内心变化和情节发展动态的关键手段。情绪的转变往往伴随着故事的转折和高潮，通过描写人物情绪的波动，作者可以有效地推动情节发展，增加故事的紧张感和戏剧性。通过刻画情绪转变，故事不再是平铺直叙，而是充满了起伏和变化，吸引读者不断探索。常用句型公式如下：
公式①情绪A变为情绪B／情绪A为情绪B 所取代：
1.情感名词A gave way to/was swept away by／was replaced by 情感名词B.
2.One's＋名词［feeling/expression/look等］＋went/changed/shifted/... from 情感名词A to 情感名词B.
例1 从泰然自若到惊恐：Her previous calm gave way to／was swept away by terror.她先前的泰然自若已变为惊恐。
例2 从绝望到兴奋：Oliver's look went from despair to excitement at the sight of Mr. Brownlow's kind face. 一看到Brownlow 先生那张慈祥的脸，Oliver的神色就从绝望变成了兴奋。
公式②某种情绪在某人内心越发强烈：情感名词+inside/in/within sb. welled up/deepened/tightened.
例3 悲伤：The sorrow inside him deepened as the gloomy skies mirrored his mood.阴郁的天空映照出他的心情，他内心的悲伤加深了。
例4焦虑：As the minutes ticked by, a knot of anxiety in her chest tightened.时间一分一秒地过去，她的胸中郁结着焦虑。
4.夸张的情绪表达
无论是在汉语还是在英语中，修辞都是一门有独特魅力的艺术。在读后续写中，恰当地运用修辞手法可以使平淡的语言变得鲜活、生动，增强文章的表现力，也有助于我们获得高分。常用句型公式如下：
公式①比喻式：be +as+形容词+as[+a(n)]+名词
形容人：be as pleased/delighted/cheerful/joyful as a flying bird 高兴得像一只飞翔的小鸟；be as busy as a bee 忙得团团转
形容事物：be as easy as a piece of cake 轻而易举；be as bright as daylight 如日光般明亮；be as dazzling/shining as diamonds 像钻石般闪耀；be as gentle as a breeze 像微风一样温柔
例1Her face was as pale as snow.她的脸变得苍白如雪。
公式②比喻式：特定动词短语＋情感名词，sb. did sth. like/as if...
特定动词短语有：be filled with 充满，fall into 陷入，be drowned in 沉浸在，be seized by 被…侵袭，be overwhelmed with/by 充溢着
例2 The teacher's comfort was as gentle as a spring breeze.老师的劝慰如春风般温柔。
公式③比喻式：情感名词＋特定动词短语＋sb. like/as if...
特定动词短语有：wash over 袭来，take hold of 控制，sweep over 突然袭来
例3 Happiness washed over him like a warm sunbeam.幸福像温暖的阳光洒在他身上。
续写微练：
一.用无灵主语句改写升级下列句子。
1.Seeing so many teachers, I was filled with nervousness.［用短语the sight of...］
____________________________________
2. I was no longer nervous or fearful, but joyful.［用短语give way to］
____________________________________
3.I couldn't help but let out an embarrassed laugh.［用句式Sth. escapes sb.'s throat］
____________________________________
4.The thought of my failure in the exam left me deeply frustrated.［用短语take hold of］
____________________________________
5.He suddenly came up with a terrible idea.［用句式Sth. hits/strikes/occurs to sb.］
____________________________________
6.She was too desperate to speak.［用短语choke one's word］
____________________________________
7.There was a flash/glimmer/trace/hint/touch of sadness in her eyes.［改为：一丝悲伤在她的眼睛里闪现］
____________________________________
8. She felt a surge of panic, but struggled to stand up calmly.［改为：一阵恐慌攫住了她］
____________________________________
二.语段表达：在空白处填入适当的短语。
运用无灵主语
语段一The bell sliced through the silent classroom, sharp and relentless. A sheet of blank paper lay before me, its whiteness mocking the emptiness in my mind.1.__________（恐惧让我呆坐在椅子上）, my fingers gripping the pencil until knuckles（指关节）turned pale. 2.______________（看到同学们奋笔疾书的景象，一股冰冷的恐慌席卷了我）, each scratch of their pens a drumbeat against my chest. Suddenly, a memory 3.___________（闪过脑海）-Mom's voice the night before: "Just breathe. You've done this a hundred times." 4. _____________（一丝微弱的平静悄然蔓延）,like sunlight piercing through storm clouds. 5.____________（紧张被专注所取代）as I picked up the pen, the first word finally forming on the page.
语段二The old gate creaked open, hinges（铰链）protesting after years of silence.1．____________（一股对过去的怀念之情扑面而来）me at the sight of the cooked apple tree, its branches heavy with memories. Dad's laughter, once a constant here, now 2. ______________（在树叶的沙沙声中萦绕）. 3._______________（一丝悲伤在我眼中闪烁）,but then-“Hey, kiddo.”-Mom's voice, warm and familiar, cut through the quiet. 4. _______________（喜悦瞬间点亮了我的脸庞）,as I turned to see her waving, her apron（围裙）dusted with flour just like always. 5. __________（幸福感爬上眉梢）——home, after all these years, was still where she stood.
运用夸张的情绪表达
The school art festival was in full swing. Lily, an art-loving girl, stood in front of the stage,1. _____________（双眼明亮如白昼）,filled with anticipation for the upcoming performance.
As her best fiend, Emma, was about to sing on stage, Lily was 2.________（紧张得像热锅上的蚂蚁）.She watched Emma take a deep breath and start singing. Emma's voice was 3.___________（轻柔如微风）,flowing through the auditorium and touching everyone's heart.
When Emma finished the song, the audience's applause was overwhelming. Lily, overwhelmed by joy, 4._________（像一只飞鸟般欢呼起来）.Seized by excitement, she rushed to the backstage. Filled with pride, she gave Emma a big hug. “Your performance was 5. ___________（像钻石一样耀眼），”Lily said, her face beaming with a smile that was as bright as a sunny day.
Later, as they walked around the art exhibition, a beautiful painting caught their eye. The colors on it were 6.___________（像夏日花园般鲜艳生动）.Happiness washed over them 7．___________（如温暖的阳光）as they discussed the amazing artworks, looking forward to more wonderful moments at the festival.
参考答案：
一
1.The sight of so many teachers filled me with nervousness.
2.My nervousness and fear gave way to joy.
3.An embarrassed laugh escaped my throat.
4.Frustration took hold of me at the thought of my failure in the exam.
5.A terrible idea suddenly hit/ struck/ occurred to him.
6.Desperation choked her word.
7.A flash/glimmer/trace/hint/touch of sadness flickered in her eyes/flashed through her eyes.
8.A surge of panic seized her, but she struggled to stand up calmly.
二运用无灵主语
语段一：1.Fear rooted me to the chair
2.A surge of cold panic flooded over me at the sight of my classmates writing quickly.
3.flashed through my mind
4.A faint hint of calm crept over me
5.Nervousness gave way to focus
语段二：1.A wave of longing for the past washed/swept over
2.lingered in the rustle of leaves
3.A glimmer of sadness flickered in my eyes
4.Joy lit up my face instantly
5.Happiness crawled up to the tips of my brows
运用夸张的情绪表达
1.her eyes as bright as daylight
2.as nervous as a cat on hot bricks
3.as gentle as a breeze
4.cheered like a flying bird
5.like a warm sunbeam
6.as vibrant/ vivid as a summer garden
来源 | 英语遇上安琪拉
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